The+Cold+War

The Cold War By Kat, Hali & Raymond "An iron curtain has descended across the continent." ~ Winston Churchill

Key Terms: 1.Satillite states: States that help watch over and protect certain states in case of war or invasion. 2. Policy of containment: keep communism within its existing boundaries and prevent further Soviet aggressive moves. 3. Arms Race: countries built up their supply of weapons and armies in the competition to beat other countries in future wars. 4. Domino Theory: If the communists succeeded in South Vietnam, tehn the rest of Asia will fall into communism with it. 5. Heavy Indusrty: the manufacture of machines and equitment for factories and mines, gave armies extra supplies and machines. 6. De- Stalinization: the process of elimentating the more ruthless policies of Stalin, who was the once before leader. 7. Welfare state: a state in which the government takes responsibility for providing citezens with services and a minimal standard of living. 8. Bloc: a group of nations with a common purpose, usually for the greater good, the EDC became an important trading 9. Real wages: the actual purchasing power of income, which grew greatly over the years 1945 to 1973. 10.EDC: the European Economic Community, also known as the common market.France, West Germany, and the Beneluz countrys in this.

Key People: 1.Nikkita Khrushchev: the Soviet leader after Stalins death, wanted destalinization, a peaceful co- existance.tried to take advantage of amaericas Nuclear concern. 2.Alexander Solzhenitsyn: Wrote the publication //One Day in the LIfe of Ivan Denisovich//, which was a grim outline of life in Siberian forced labor camps, which Khrushchecev allowed. 3.Tito: Josip Broz, had been the leader of the communist resistance movement in Yugoslavia, after the war he moved toward the creation of an idependant communist state. 4. Imre Nagy: a hungarian leader that declared Hungary a free nation on November 1, 1956. 5.Alexander Dubcek: was elected the first secratary of the Communist Party, he hoped to craete 'socialism with a human face.' relaxed sensorship, and began to insure foriegn democracy. 6.Charles de Gaulle: a war hero,helped establish a new government called the Fourth Republic. drafted the Fifth Republic because he was unhappy with the results of the Fourth Republic. 7. John F. Kennedy: A democratic president, he was the youngest elected president in the history of the U.S. His term was cut short when he was assassinated in 1963. 8.Martin Luther King Jr.: Leader of the growing movement for racial equality, led marches, advocated the principle of passive disobediance practiced by Ghandi. 9. Dean Acheson: the U.S secratary of state, explained ' Like apples in a barrel infected by disease, the corruption of Greece would infect Iran and all the east.... likewise Africa,Italy, France.... Not since Rome had there been such a polarization of power on this earth. 10. Simone de Beauvoir: A great leader of marches for womans liberaation movements, published highly influential work, she argued that women are constantly being put as second class to men.

Summary: The Cold War started in 1945 and ended in 1989. The development of the Cold War stated with the Yalta Conference, and Stalin promised free elections in Eastern Europe. Potsdam is when President Truman demanded free elections in Eastern Europe. In march 1946 Winston Churchill said that a theoritica 'iron curtain' had fallen, foreshadowing the future events for Europe. The Super Powers, who were the USA and the USSR, had began having differences, so the United Nations were formed to resolve issues between many different countries. Major events of the Cold War were the Soviet occupation of Eastern Europe, the Truman Doctine, which provided countries threatened by communism help from the USA, the Marshal plan, and COMECON ( Council for Mutual assistance). The devision of Germany also threatened peace. The allies controled west Germany, while the Soviets controllled the eastern part of Germany. The Berlin blockade was set up by the Soviets, so the USA had the Berlin Air lift which brought supplies into west Germany.The Federal Republic of Germany was created in Sep. 1949, with was a democratic state.= to the West side, while the German Democratic Republic was on the East side. An arms race has now began between the USA and USSR. Mutual Deterrence, the ability to abliviate eachother, had the USSR and the USA seeing who would atack with nuclear bombs first, and they had intercontinental ballistic missiles, and hydrogen bombs but neither side attacked first. The 'Space Race' had began to see who could be the first to be in out space, so the USSR sent the Sputnik before the USA. After Stalins death in 1953, Nikkita Khrushchev took over. He had enstalled De- Stalinization. The Hungarian Revolution was a ant Soviet demonstration for the hungarian people. The Cuban Revolution unvolved the overethrow of the dictator for Fidel Castro. During the Cuban Missile Crisis the USSR was shipping nuclear missile into Cuba. Kennedy found out and threatened to invade Cuba, but Khrushchevec agreed to turn ships around. The Vietnam War involved North and South Vietnam fighting with communism and deomcraticism. President Johnson ordered the USA to help because the Domino Theory may come true. This was the belief that if S. Vietnam fell to commmunism all of Asia would too. Leonid Brezhnev became the Soviet leader after Khrushchev was done. The end of the Cold war was with Glasnost, Perestrokia, the Soviet break, and the Fall of the Berlin Wall. The walll fell in 1989, and many families and friends were reunited. The visions of revolutionary polotics would remain mostly a memory.

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